Extinción de la pretensión punitiva

AuthorGianni Egidio Piva Torres/Roymar Ali Armas Graterol
Pages537-541
537
| CAPÍTULO XXXIII |
Extinción de la pretensión punitiva
SUMARIO: 1. Generalidades; 2. Causas de extinción de la acción; 2.1. La muerte del
procesado; 2.2. La amnistía; 2.3. Prescripción de la acción; 2.4. Renuncia del agravia-
do; 2.5. Perdón del ofendido; 2.6. Indulto.
1. Generalidades
Aun cuando estén dados todos los presupuestos que hacen surgir la
acción –es decir, cuando ha tendió lugar un hecho, al que corresponden todas
las características de un delito, producido dentro del ámbito de la validez de la
ley– existen causas que hacen inaplicable la ley, porque la pretensión punitiva
concreta, por una causa que la extingue. Esa extinción no solamente afecta a
la acción, es decir, a la potestad de hacer juzgar, sino también a la potestad de
hacer ejecutar un pronunciamiento dado. Según medie o no una sentencia f‌ir-
me, hablemos de extinción de la acción o de la extinción de la pena. Según se
ref‌iera a uno u otro momento de la pretensión punitiva, las causas extintivas
de esta tienen distinto régimen.
Señala SOLER394: «Las causas de extinciones caracterizan porque destruyen
una pretensión punitiva preexistente, de manera que no pueden confundirse con las
demás causas de exclusión de pena, como las justif‌icantes o las exc usas absolutorias,
394 SOLER SEBASTIÁN. Derecho Penal Argentino. Editorial Tipografía Editorial Ar-
gentina. Buenos Aires Argentina. 1951.

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