Antijuricidad
| Author | Gianni Egidio Piva Torres/Roymar Ali Armas Graterol |
| Pages | 403-407 |
403
| CAPÍTULO XXI |
Antijuricidad
SUMARIO: 1. Generalidades; 2. Antijuricidad e injusto: precisiones terminológicas; 3.
Antijuridicidad formal y material; 4. Los conceptos de lesión y peligro: los delitos de
peligro y la tendencia a la expansión del derecho penal; 5. Desvalor de la acción y del
resultado.
1. Generalidades
El termino antijuricidad expresa la contradicción entre la acción reali-
zada y las exigencias del ordenamiento jurídico. A diferencia de lo que sucede
con otras categorías de la teoría del delito, la antijuricidad no es un concepto
especifico del derecho penal, sino un concepto unitario, válido para el orde-
namiento jurídico, aunque tenga consecuencias distintas en cada rama del
derecho.
El derecho penal no crea la antijuridicidad, sino que selecciona, por
medio de la tipicidad, una parte de los comportamientos que generalmente
constituyen ataques graves a bienes jurídicos muy importantes, conminados
con una pena. Normalmente la realización de un hecho típico genera la sos-
pecha de ese hecho es también antijurídico (función indiciaria de la tipicidad);
pero esta presunción puede ser desvirtuada por la concurrencia de una causa
de justificación excluyente de la antijuricidad y el siguiente paso es entonces
la constatación de la culpabilidad del autor de ese hecho típico y antijurídico.
De aquí se deduce que, en la practica la función del juicio de antijuricidad
se reduce a una constatación negativa de la misma, es decir, a la determinación
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