Una aproximación al mundo penitenciario desde el aprendizaje y servicio

AuthorGLORIA FERNÁNDEZ-PACHECO ALISES, EDUARDO IBÁÑEZ RUIZ DEL PORTAL, Mª ÁNGELES ALAMINOS HERVÁS
Pages256-268
‒ 256 ‒
CAPÍTULO 16
UNA APROXIMACIÓN AL MUNDO PENITENCIARIO
DESDE EL APRENDIZAJE Y SERVICIO
GLORIA FERNÁNDEZ-PACHECO ALISES
Universidad Loyola Andalucía
EDUARDO IBÁÑEZ RUIZ DEL PORTAL
Universidad Loyola Andalucía
Mª ÁNGELES ALAMINOS HERVÁS
Universidad Loyola Andalucía
1. INTRODUCCIÓN: LOS ESTEREOTIPOS SOCIALES SOBRE
LA RECLUSIÓN Y SUS IMPLICACIONES PARA LA
REINSERCIÓN SOCIAL
Los estereotipos sociales sobre la delincuencia generan obstáculos muy
relevantes para la reinserción social de los exreclusos. De hecho, el
rechazo social que genera este colectivo tiene implicaciones para la
búsqueda de empleo o la reintegración en la comunidad, los cuales son
sectores clave del tratamiento que se realiza en el ámbito penitenciario.
Los estereotipos sociales pueden definirse como generalizaciones acer-
ca de las características o rasgos personales de un grupo social. Se han
realizado diversos estudios de estereotipos de los exreclusos relaciona-
dos con el atractivo físico, la fisonomía anormal, la existencia de cica-
trices o la forma de vestir, y de forma general, todos y cada uno de
dichos estudios han concluido que las personas de la sociedad tienen
un estereotipo físico muy marcado de cómo es un delincuente (Ibabe,
2020). Según Goffman (1998) las consecuencias de la estigmatización
son devastadoras, la persona estigmatizada pierde su autoestima e in-
cluso busca la transformación del yo a través de un aprendizaje distor-
sionado (como citado en Revelles, 2019). En el caso de los reclusos, la
estigmatización social tiene efectos en la efectividad de su reinserción
social. En este sentido, Diversas investigaciones han demostrado el

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