De la división de las acciones
Author | Francisco Samper |
Pages | 329-331 |
Page 329
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Nos queda hablar ahora de las acciones. Y con respecto a cuántas clases hay, nos inclinamos a creer que dos: reales y personales, ya que quienes dijeron que había cuatro, por consideración a las clases de estipulaciones, no advirtieron que algunas especies de acciones se agruparon dentro de los mencionados géneros.
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Acción personal es aquella mediante la cual litigamos con alguien que está obligado respecto de nosotros a causa de haber contratado o delinquido; es decir, cuando pretendemos que debe dar, hacer o asumir una responsabilidad.
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La acción es real cuando pretendemos que una cosa corporal es nuestra o que nos corresponde una justa posición, por ejemplo, de uso, de uso y disfrute, de tránsito, de conducción y paso de agua, o de levantar más alto o tener visibilidad. Y también cuando, inversamente, se concede al adversario una acción negatoria.
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Una vez distinguidas las acciones, queda claro pues, que no podemos pedir a otro una cosa nuestra de la siguiente manera: “Si resulta que debe dar”, ya que ni se nos puede dar lo que es nuestro –entendiendo por dar cuando se nos da algo de tal forma que se hace nuestro–, ni lo que es nuestro puede hacerse más nuestro. Y con objeto de que los ladrones estuviesen más vinculados por mayor número de acciones, debido al odio que hacia ellos se sentía, se procedió de modo que, además de la pena al doble o cuádruplo, estuviesen también vinculados por la acción de “si resulta que debe dar”, en concepto de recuperación de la cosa, a pesar de que contra ellos procedía también la acción real.
Page 331
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Las acciones reales se llaman vindicaciones; las acciones personales, mediante las que litigamos por un deber dar o hacer, se llaman condicciones.
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Litigamos a veces para conseguir sólo un...
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- De la división de las acciones
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