Introducción
Author | Enrique Acosta Pumarejo |
Pages | 1-4 |
Page 1
“El jurista, a diferencia del leguleyo, no puede darse por satisfecho con lo que en la ley está escrito, sino que debe además investigar su fundamento intrínseco”
-Giorgio Del Vecchio1
Page 2
Los Principios Generales del Derecho, son, en efecto, más que un medio, los cuales, a su vez, son utilizado como un medio más, mecanismo, y/o recurso de integración de las lagunas jurídicas, complementario del recurso de la analogía, establecido en gran parte de los códigos civiles2. El recurso a los Principios Generales como mecanismo integrador nunca se ha considerado como sustancialmente diferente del procedimiento analógico, por lo que doctrinalmente se le ha denominado analogía iuris, identificando como un proceso triangular que va desde lo particular a lo general y, desde ahí, de nuevo a lo particular.3
¿A qué realmente nos referimos cuando decimos principios generales? ¿Qué es lo que se quiere decir con ello? Y por consiguiente, ¿qué debe entenderse por principio general4? Como indica el profesor Talavera, resulta complejo averiguar qué es un principio general de derecho: “El criterio y fundamento adecuado en la investigación de los principios se encuentra tan sólo en aquel cuerpo de doctrina general acerca del
Page 3
derecho, que no es la obra artificiosa de un pensador aislado, sino que responde a una verdadera y solida tradición científica, íntimamente ligada a la génesis de las mismas leyes vigentes.”5
Según Del Vecchio, el postulado de la obligación inevitable del juez en tener que resolver todo caso, bien sea, mediante una disposición legal, por costumbre, por analogía6, o, en último recurso, acudiendo a los Principios Generales del Derecho es en sí, un principio general del derecho. Los principios son intrínsecamente, en su propia manifestación y conceptuación, “arquetipales”. Indistintamente de la postura que se profese o se detracte en cuanto a éstos, es difícil negar su reconocimiento. El verdadero milagro es su aparición, creación, reconocimiento, afirmación e inclusive su negación. Es necesario tener alguna concepción, bien sea, positiva -no necesariamente positivista-, o negativa, no necesariamente “negativista”- para poder plantearse eso de lo que se elucubra.
Lo fenomenal es que cuando apuntamos a cerca de los Principios Generales del Derecho, no nos percatamos que en ocasiones nos perdemos en discutir su origen, naturaleza o contenido, sin observar que su verdadera naturaleza...
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