CHAPTER 12 SECURITY OF THE OIL-PATCH IN LATIN AMERICA: RISKS AND PRACTICAL COUNTERMEASURES

• Jurisdiction: Derecho Internacional

Oil and Gas Development in Latin America
(Mar 1999)
CHAPTER 12
SECURITY OF THE OIL-PATCH IN LATIN AMERICA: RISKS AND PRACTICAL COUNTERMEASURES
James A. Brooke
The Kroll-O'Gara Company
Miami, Florida

OVERSEAS SECURITY, SAFETY & HEALTH MITIGATING THE RISKS

• Overview and analysis of the risks facing today's international business travelers and employees based abroad

• Risk mitigation process: information & intelligence; preventive measures; contingency planning; rapid response and good communications.

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Premise

Organizations are responsible for protecting all of their employees as they travel or when they are based abroad, not just senior executives.

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Oil Companies Are Preferred Targets of Guerrillas/Terrorists/Criminals

• Pipeline sabotage a common tactic

• Bombings/sabotage of refineries, storage tanks, etc.

• Kidnappings

• Armed assaults of facilities

• Extortion

• Attacks on tankers

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What Are Today's Risks Facing Business Travelers and Expatriates Living Abroad?

• General crime	• Political instability
• Terrorism	• Strikes & labor unrest
• Kidnapping	• Transportation
• Extortion	disasters
• Corruption	• Health
• Industrial espionage	• Environmental
• Natural disasters	• Severe weather

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General Crime: A Particular Threat in Emerging Markets

• Armed robbery	• "Quickie" kidnaps
• Car jacking	• Pick-pocketing
• Extortion	• Muggings
• Theft	• Taxi scams
• Burglary	• Hotel theft
• Violent crimes	• Airport scams

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General Crime: A Particular Threat In Emerging Markets

• Generally still a wide gap between "haves" and "have nots"

• Law enforcement generally less effective

• Judiciary generally less effective

• Generally less stable politically

• Organized crime can thrive

• Demobilized military can increase crime

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General Crime Hot Spots

• Albania	• Nigeria
• Angola	• Papua New Guinea
• Brazil	• Pakistan
• Bulgaria	• Peru
• Cambodia	• The Philippines
• Colombia	• Russia
• Guatemala	• South Africa
• India	• Much of Sub-Saharan Africa
• Indonesia	• Venezuela
• Kenya	• Tajikistan
• Mexico	• Ukraine

Source: Kroll-O'Gara

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Terrorism Is Still A Threat...But Perspective Is Needed

• Volume has declined, but bloodier attacks

• Goals have migrated from ideological to ethnic quarrels and religious fanaticism

• Expatriates are still targeted

• Little change in tactics or innovation

• Remains low-tech enterprise

• Car bombs are current biggest concern

• Concern about "super-terrorism" on horizon

...