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- Soberanía, Monarquía y Unidad en el Auge Del Absolutismo Francés (1519-1715). Antología de Textos
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Prólogo
Author | Gregorio Peces-Barba Martínez |
Pages | 17-19 |
Page 17
Este libro encabeza una colección que lleva el nombre de uno de los más prestigiosos filósofos del Derecho de nuestro país. Se trata de un profesor impulsor de una escuela importante, maestro de muchos filósofos del Derecho, entre ellos quien escribe este prólogo. Por los temas y el nombre que identifica la colección se auguran resultados positivos en su futuro desarrollo.
En el contexto histórico de su tesis doctoral sobre la "Filosofía y Derecho en Jean Domat" se sitúa este estudio y antología de textos sobre Soberanía, Monarquía y Unidad a cargo del profesor Alberto Iglesias. Son textos escogidos por su significado entre autores dependientes de la corona, de algún parlamento o vinculados con la Iglesia que reconocen todos ellos la superioridad del monarca y su capacidad de supremacía en su reino. Son textos en el ámbito cultural de la monarquía absoluta de los que se excluyen otros textos de otros auto-res del mismo periodo que defendían la posibilidad del pueblo de negar al Rey su condición de "legibus solutus" y de reinar contra la voluntad del pueblo aunque estos últimos acabarían imponiéndose. Son textos de los defensores de la soberanía como atributo exclusivo del monarca y signo expresivo de su absolutismo, sin límites. Era el que dibujaba Racine "de l´absolu pouvoir vous ignorez l´ivresse". Y esa soberanía signo de la monarquía expresaba también la unidad del Reino y la marcaba como uno de sus rasgos. Así nacía la modernidad en países europeos como Francia, España o Inglaterra, organizaciones políticas que aún con rasgos procedentes de la Edad Media, sin embargo, expresaban diferencias sustanciales con ese tiempo, la primera y más importante en la idea de soberanía, inexistente en los
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reinos medievales. Esa soberanía que marcaba la unidad sustancial del reino aparecía clara en Francia y también en España. En efecto, en nuestro país la soberanía, concepto aplicable a las últimos años de Carlos I y después Felipe II, nunca tuvo presencia en los reinos medievales. La soberanía fue, en estos tiempos, del rey y, más tarde, a partir de 1812 de la Nación.
Esta característica la quisimos dejar clara en la Constitución de 1978 y por eso prescindimos de terminologías más modernas y nos mantuvimos en la inicial de "Soberanía Nacional", para marcar la voluntad tajante de excluir la posibilidad de construir soberanía en alguno de los fragmentos del Estado que se integran en España. Por eso la autonomía de las Comunidades...
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