Parte general
| Author | Rodríguez-Villasante y Prieto, José Luis |
| Pages | 59-65 |
1. PARTE GENERAL
1.1. SUPUESTO PRÁCTICO (NÚM. 32)
ÁMBITO DE APLICACIÓN DE LAS NORMAS DEL DERECHO INTERNACIO-
NAL HUMANITARIO
PLANTEAMIENTO
Como consecuencia de sus distintas ideologías, los Gobiernos de dos Estados
colindantes, ALFA y BRAVO, mantienen relaciones de tensión con numerosos
incidentes fronterizos que les han llevado a la retirada de sus embajadores y
ruptura de sus relaciones diplomáticas.
En el territorio del Estado ALFA, grupos armados no estatales opuestos al
Gobierno mantienen una guerrilla llamada CHARLIE que realiza frecuentes actos
de hostilidad y, en ocasiones, recibe apoyo en el territorio del Estado BRAVO para
su reagrupamiento, reclutamiento, armamento y lanzamiento de nuevos ataques.
En un momento determinado, las fuerzas armadas del Estado ALFA penetran
en el territorio del Estado BRAVO en persecución de los guerrilleros de CHARLIE
y tienen un enfrentamiento armado con fuerzas del Ejército del Estado BRAVO.
Como consecuencia del combate miembros de las fuerzas armadas del Estado
BRAVO caen en poder del Estado ALFA.
La intervención del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas impide una
guerra entre los dos Estados vecinos y, en cumplimiento de sus Resoluciones, el
Estado ALFA entrega al Estado BRAVO los combatientes capturados, después de
dos meses de cautiverio.
Los Estados ALFA y BRAVO son Partes en los Convenios de Ginebra de 1949
y el Estado ALFA ha ratificado también los Protocolos I y II de 1977, Adicionales
a los Convenios de Ginebra.
PREGUNTAS
1ª. ¿Qué normas de Derecho Internacional Humanitario son aplicables al
conflicto entre el Gobierno del Estado ALFA y la guerrilla CHARLIE?
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