Fábricas de confección en Camboya: mejora de las condiciones de trabajo
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GINEBRA - En un nuevo informe 2 de la OIT se alude a las 'alentadoras señales de mejora' de las condiciones de trabajo en unas 30 fábricas de confección establecidas en Camboya. Estos centros, donde se confeccionan prendas de vestir para su venta en Norteamérica, Europa y otros países desarrollados, son objeto de estudio en el contexto de un proyecto de cooperación técnica establecido tras la consecución de un acuerdo al respecto entre los gobiernos de Camboya y Estados Unidos.
En el último informe publicado se señala que en las últimas inspecciones no se detectaron casos de trabajo infantil ni de acoso sexual. Aunque siguen existiendo problemas, mejora la situación en cuanto a la libertad sindical y el derecho de sindicación, el pago de salarios y las normas que rigen las horas extraordinarias. Como se afirma en el informe: 'Existe margen para pensar con optimismo que las condiciones de trabajo en las fábricas mejorará aún más en el futuro'.
El acuerdo comercial trienal establecido entre Estados Unidos y Camboya ofrece la posibilidad de un incremento anual del 18% de los cupos de exportación textil de Camboya, siempre que el Gobierno de este país apoye la aplicación de un programa destinado a mejorar las condiciones de trabajo en el sector textil y del vestido, que comprende el respeto de las normas fundamentales del trabajo reconocidas internacionalmente, mediante el cumplimiento del derecho laboral camboyano.
El Comité Asesor del Proyecto (CAP), integrado por representantes del Gobierno de Camboya, de la Asociación de Fabricantes de Prendas de Vestir y de los sindicatos del sector, suscribió el tercer informe y expresó su satisfacción respecto a la confirmación de que no se encontraron pruebas que indiquen la existencia de casos de trabajo infantil, trabajo forzoso o discriminación, en particular de acoso sexual, en las 30 fábricas examinadas en el informe.
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