Does XBRL help improve data processing efficiency?
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-07-2021-0155 |
Published date | 29 October 2021 |
Date | 29 October 2021 |
Pages | 47-60 |
Subject Matter | Accounting & finance,Accounting/accountancy,Accounting methods/systems |
Author | Yanchao Rao,Ken Huijin Guo |
Does XBRL help improve data
processing efficiency?
Yanchao Rao
School of Accountancy, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,
Shanghai, China, and
Ken Huijin Guo
College of Business and Economics, California State University,
Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA
Abstract
Purpose –The US Securities andExchange Commission (SEC) requires public companiesto file structured
data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). One of the key arguments behind the XBRL
mandate is that the technical standard can help improve processing efficiency for data aggregators. This
paper aims to empiricallytest the data processing efficiency hypothesis.
Design/methodology/approach –To test the data processingefficiency hypothesis, the authors adopt a
two-sample research design by using data from Compustat: a pooled sample (N=61,898) and a quasi-
experimental sample (N=564). The authors measure data processingefficiency as the time lag between the
dates of 10-K filings on the SEC’s EDGAR system and the dates of related datafinalized in the Compustat
database.
Findings –The statisticalresults show that after controllingfor potential effects of firm size, age, fiscal year
and industry, XBRL has a non-significant impact on data efficiency. It suggests that the data processing
efficiencybenefit may have been overestimated.
Originality/value –This study provides some timely empirical evidence to the debate as to whether
XBRL can improvedata processing efficiency. The non-significantresults suggest that it may be necessary to
revisitthe mandate of XBRL reporting in the USA and many other countries.
Keywords XBRL, Data aggregation, Data processing efficiency
Paper type Research paper
1. Introduction
The eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) as a financial reporting technical
standard has been adopted by morethan 50 countries around the world [1]. In the USA, the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) started its XBRL reporting initiative around
2004 as a voluntary program and has since 2009 mandated public companies to use it in
their corporate disclosuressuch as annual reports (10-K). The adoption of XBRLis expected
to benefit companies, investors and government agencies in terms of data processing and
information dissemination (SEC, 2004;SEC, 2009). Overall, the accounting and finance
literature has reported mixed findings about the expected benefits of the XBRL standard
(Perdana et al.,2015,2019).
One particular benefit cited by the SEC is the expected improvement of processing
efficiency by data aggregators (SEC, 2009).However, beyond the conjectures and comments
that the SEC relied upon, therehas been surprisingly little empirical evidence to support that
Data Availability: Data is obtained from public sources identified in the paper.
Data
processing
efficiency
47
Received28 July 2021
Revised29 September 2021
Accepted12 October 2021
InternationalJournal of
Accounting& Information
Management
Vol.30 No. 1, 2022
pp. 47-60
© Emerald Publishing Limited
1834-7649
DOI 10.1108/IJAIM-07-2021-0155
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