De la venta del patrimonio y otras sucesiones
Author | Francisco Samper |
Pages | 259-265 |
Page 259
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Pasemos a la sucesión que nos compete por la compra del patrimonio.
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Se vende el patrimonio de los vivos y de los muertos. De los vivos, por ejemplo, que se ocultan para ocasionar fraude y no se defienden durante su ausencia; también de los que, conforme a la ley Julia, ceden su patrimonio; asimismo, de los que han sido condenados y luego se vence el plazo que concede la ley de las XII Tablas y el edicto del pretor para pagar la condena. Y de los muertos, cuando se sabe con certeza que no tienen herederos ni sucesores pretorios ni existe ningún otro sucesor legítimo.
Page 261
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Ordena el pretor que para la venta del patrimonio de un vivo ha de embargarse y hacerse públicos anuncios durante treinta días continuos; y si se trata de un muerto, durante quince días. Manda después que acudan los acreedores, y de entre ellos se nombre un síndico, es decir, una persona que se encargue de vender dicho patrimonio. Si se vende el patrimonio de un vivo, ha de hacerse la venta en diez días; si de un muerto, en la mitad. De esta manera, en cuarenta días ha de formalizarse la atribución al comprador del patrimonio del vivo, y en veinte del que perteneció al muerto. El motivo de por qué se realizaba en un plazo más amplio la venta de patrimonios de los vivos era para evitar que se recurriera a venderlos con demasiada facilidad.
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Las cosas no se hacen de plena propiedad de los poseedores de patrimonios ni de los compradores de éstos, sino que pasan a estar en propiedad pretoria. Solamente adquieren propiedad civil sobre ellos si los han usucapido. A veces ni siquiera a los compradores de patrimonios compete la usucapión, como cuando el comprador es un peregrino, y no le ha concedido el senadoconsulto derecho de ciudadanía por el cual los ciudadanos de su país pueden usucapir las cosas que son enajenadas a los ciudadanos romanos.
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El poseedor o el comprador del patrimonio no se hacen acreedores ni deudores en las obligaciones que se referían a la persona embargada, y por eso respecto de aquéllos se recurrirá a las acciones útiles, como explicaremos en el comentario siguiente.
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Hay sucesiones de otra clase, que no fueron introducidas por la ley de las XII Tablas ni por el edicto del pretor, sino que se aceptaron por consenso.
Page 263
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En efecto, cuando un padre de familia se dio en adopción o una mujer pasó a potestad marital, todas sus cosas, corporales e incorporales, y cuantas se le deben, son adquiridas por el padre adoptivo o...
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Request your trial- Instituciones Jurídicas de Gayo
- Comentario Tercero
- De los herederos intestados según las XII Tablas
- De la sucesión que establece el Edicto cuando no hay tablas testamentarias
- De la sucesión de los libertos
- De la venta del patrimonio y otras sucesiones
- De la división de las obligaciones y de las obligaciones que nacen de contraerse
- De las obligaciones que se contraen por la propiedad
- De las obligaciones que se contraen por palabras
- De las obligaciones que se contraen por escritura
- De las obligaciones que se contraen por consentimiento
- A través de cuáles personas nos obligamos
- De la extinción de las obligaciones
- De las obligaciones que nacen de delinquir
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