Specific metals in the non-ferrous metals industries

• Pages: 127-136

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9. Specific metals in the non-ferrous

metals industries

Specific metals

9.1. General

9.1.1. The principal metals used in making non-ferrous

alloys are aluminium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, mag-

nesium, manganese, nickel, tin and zinc.

9.1.2. The general principles of prevention and protec-

tion are described in Chapter 4. As a guide, the main effects

of exposure, both acute and chronic, to these metals and

specific health surveillance measures are shown. Details re-

garding toxicology, epidemiology and medical procedures

are available in the ILO Encyclopaedia of occupational

health and safety (Geneva, 4th edition, 1998), and in publi-

cations such as those of the American Conference of Gov-

ernmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the Health

and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom).

9.1.3. Combinations of metals are present in alloys. Al-

loys have unique properties dependent on the proportions

of the different constituent elements, and on the presence

of trace quantities of other substances. Material safety data

sheets will contain information on the properties and bio-

logical effects.

9.2. Aluminium

9.2.1. Aluminium or aluminium oxide exposure is not

associated with any significant acute or long-term health ef-

fects apart from irritation of the mucous membranes and

the upper respiratory tract from dusts. Exposure to other

agents during the primary production process, such as