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- El Resultado Político de la Fronda
El resultado político de la fronda
Pages | 265-268 |
Page 265
Cualquier estudio sobre este atisbo revolucionario muestra, de forma explícita o implícita, por qué fue llamado La Fronde o, en caste-llano, La Honda. Lejos de pretender darle el nombre del instrumento con el que David derribó a Goliat, como una alegoría de lo sucedido, en el siglo XVII y en corros populares, la fronde era un juego, un divertimento de los niños. Así fue visto por los contemporáneos este enfrentamiento entre los poderes del Estado que suscitó las iras populares y violentos levantamientos de armas. La expresión de la inocencia que evoca el nombre proviene, sin embargo, de lo que parece una ausencia crítica, la de un auténtico fin común por el que revelarse.
Tras este conato de oposición política, lo único que resultó revolucionado fue el poder del monarca que se agravó y perdió el lastre que el resto de instituciones monárquicas suponían, hasta entonces, en el concierto de pesos y contrapesos del Estado francés. Según la cronología oficial, el comienzo de la fase más profunda del absolutismo se inicia tras estos fallidos intentos por devolver un cierto equilibrio en el juego del poder. Sin embargo, por similares que fueran las intenciones de nobleza y Parlamentos, faltó la necesaria unidad en su oposición135. Fueron los poderosos desencuentros que desde co-
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mienzos de siglo distanciaron a estos dos actores políticos los que más pesaron a la hora de entablar sus posiciones políticas. Antes que frente al rey, sus distintas posiciones debían verse fortalecidas uno frente al otro. Ni más ni menos que el título de segunda institución de Francia estaba en juego. La primera era, incontestablemente, la del monarca y a sabiendas de ello, éste se hizo con el poder absoluto de legislar aunque fuera por el momento exclusivamente de facto.
En febrero de 1641 siendo aun primer ministro Richelieu, el rey elabora un Edicto estableciendo la prohibición a los Parlamentos de conocer de las causas sobre la administración y los estamentos136. En el prefacio se lee un claro aviso de hacia dónde se pretendían dirigir: "Así como esta autoridad absoluta lleva a los Estados al lugar más alto de su gloria, en el momento en que está debilitada se ve como en poco tiempo se arruina su dignidad". Será en los momentos previos a la Fronda cuando se entienda plenamente el alcance que esta medida tendría.
Según una buena parte de los investigadores, la Fronda fue un movimiento que se oponía esencial y directamente a la política fiscal de...
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- El resultado político de la fronda
- L´AMY; Carta Política sobre la Asamblea de la Nobleza, 1651
- ANÓNIMO; El Filósofo de Estado, 1649
- ANÓNIMO; El Carácter de la Realeza & de la Tiranía, 1652
- JOLY, Claude; Selección de Máximas Verdaderas e Importantes para la Institución del Rey, 1652
- DU BOSC de MONTANDRÉ, Claude; El Golpe de Estado del Parlamento de Pares, 1652
- Du BOSC de MONTANDRÉ, Claude; El Formulario de Estado, 1652
- ANÓNIMO; Respuesta Cristiana & Política a las Opiniones Erróneas de Nuestro Tiempo, 1652
- ANÓNIMO; Las Verdaderas Máximas del Gobierno de Francia, 1659
- El resultado político de la fronda
- TALON, Omer; Arenga de Omer Talon, 1648
- TALON, Omer; Arenga hecha al Rey & a la Reina por M. Talon, 1648
- ANÓNIMO; Discurso de un Teólogo, de un Astrólogo & de un Político, en relación con los Asuntos de estos Tiempos, 1649
- ANÓNIMO; El Fiel Político, 1649
- ANÓNIMO; El Médico Político, 1649
- SAINCT-CLEMENT, René de; Tesis de Estado, 1649
- BOYER DU PETIT-PUY, Paul; La Imagen del Soberano, 1649
- ANÓNIMO; La Razón de Estado & el Escudo Parlamentario, 1649
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