Principios de Derecho Internacional reconocidos por el Estatuto y por las sentencias del Tribunal de Nuremberg
Document type | Estatuto |
Category | Multilateral |
Subject | Derechos humanos |
Tomado del Proyecto de Código de Delitos contra la Paz y la Seguridad de la Humanidad - Compendio de instrumentos internacionales pertinentes, ONU, A/CN.4/368,13 abril de 1983
(Aprobados por la Comisión de Derecho Internacional en 1950 y presentados a la Asamblea General)
PRINCIPIO I
Toda persona que cometa un acto que constituya delito de derecho internacional es responsable de él y está sujeta a sanción.
PRINCIPIO II
El hecho de que el derecho interno no imponga pena alguna por un acto que constituya delito de derecho internacional no exime de responsabilidad en derecho internacional a quien lo haya cometido.
PRINCIPIO III
El hecho de que la persona que haya cometido un acto que constituya delito de derecho internacional haya actuado como Jefe de Estado o como autoridad del Estado, no la exime de responsabilidad conforme al derecho internacional.
PRINCIPIO IV
El hecho de que una persona haya actuado en cumplimiento de una orden de su Gobierno o de un superior jerárquico no la exime de responsabilidad conforme al derecho internacional, si efectivamente ha tenido la posibilidad moral de opción.
PRINCIPIO V
Todas persona acusada de un delito de derecho internacional tiene derecho a un juicio imparcial sobre los hechos y sobre el derecho.
PRINCIPIO VI
Los delitos enunciados a continuación son punibles como delitos de derecho internacional:
a. Delitos contra la paz:
i) Planear, preparar, iniciar o hacer una guerra de agresión o una guerra que viole tratados, acuerdos o garantías internacionales;
ii) Participar en un plan común o conspiración para la perpetración de cualquiera de los actos mencionados en el inciso i).
b. Delitos de guerra:
Las violaciones de las leyes o usos de la guerra, que comprenden, sin que...
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