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- Parte Tercera. Las Medidas Cautelares Durante la Trammitación de la Causa
Las medidas cautelares durante la tramitación de la causa: Introducción
Author | Nicolás Cabezudo Rodríguez |
El ECPI. prevé la posibilidad de que en el transcurso del procedimiento la Corte adopte tres clases de medidas cautelares personales: la que denomina detención del sujeto pasivo, acompañada o no de su puesta a disposición de la Corte ("entrega"), la comparecencia, y la libertad provisional. La última de estas medidas podrá ser decretada, en su caso, por la autoridad judicial del Estado Parte requerido para que proceda a efectuar la detención. Común a todas estas medidas cautelares es la existencia del fumus boni iuris1, que se expresa en el sentido de que haya >, que el sujeto pasivo ha cometido el crimen que se le imputa [art. 58.1.a) y 7]. Por contra, no se hace expresa mención de la eventual adopción de medidas cautelares de carácter patrimonial, sin perjuicio de atribuir esta naturaleza al secuestro o decomiso de bienes producto delito, solicitado por la Corte a los Estados en los términos del art. 93.1, con los que se responderá en el futuro de las resultas económicas del proceso. En relación con estas últimas medidas, la Comisión Preparatoria prevé la celebración de una vista contradictoria abierta a la intervención de terceros de buena fe, >, con el objeto de identificar los bienes procedentes directa o indirectamente del crimen (regla 147).
El vocablo utilizado en la versión española del Estatuto, "detención"2, se presta a equívocos que han de ser aclarados, presentando tintes más propios de la prisión provisional que de la detención propiamente dicha. Es más, la denominada "comparecencia" se asemeja poco a la institución que, siempre desde la perspectiva de nuestro ordenamiento, parecería más cercana a ella, la citación. En relación con la primera de estas observaciones, la conclusión enunciada resulta de los fines a que se presta la "detención", fundamentalmente asegurar la presencia del sujeto pasivo en el juicio, amen de evitar la ocultación de pruebas o su reincidencia, bien fuera en el crimen que se le imputa bien fuera en otro conexo [art. 58.1.b)]. Lejos de la puesta a disposición judicial o la práctica de las primerísimas diligencias investigativas a que se orienta la medida cautelar que en nuestro ordenamiento se identifica con ese vocablo3. Por lo que se refiere a la "comparecencia" su peculiaridad reside en la posibilidad de que la orden de concurrir al llamamiento judicial puede acompañarse de la adopción de ciertas medidas asegurativas limitativas de la libertad, desde luego distintas de la detención (art. 58.7), que...
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Request your trial- La Corte Penal Internacional
- Parte Tercera. Las medidas cautelares durante la trammitación de la causa
- Las medidas cautelares durante la tramitación de la causa: Introducción
- La detención y/o entrega al Tribunal Penal Internacional
- La libertad provisional
- La comparecencia
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