Décision judiciaire de Cour (Quatrième Section Comité), 3 mars 2015 (cas IĞSIZ c. TURQUIE)
Conférencier: | ERGUN M. |
Date de Résolution: | 3 mars 2015 |
Source: | Cour (Quatrième Section Comité) |
DEUXIÈME SECTION
DÉCISION
Requête no 16086/12Hasan IĞSIZcontre la Turquie
La Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (deuxième section), siégeant le 3 mars 2015 en une Chambre composée de :
András Sajó, président, Işıl Karakaş, Nebojša Vučinić, Paul Lemmens, Egidijus Kūris, Robert Spano, Jon Fridrik Kjølbro, juges,et de Abel Campos, greffier adjoint de section,
Vu la requête susmentionnée introduite le 5 mars 2012,
Après en avoir délibéré, rend la décision suivante :
EN FAIT
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Le requérant, M. Hasan Iğsız, ancien général de l’armée, est un ressortissant turc né en 1946 et réside à Istanbul. Il a été représenté devant la Cour par Me M. Ergün, avocat à İzmir.
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Les circonstances de l’espèce
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Les faits de la cause, tels qu’ils ont été exposés par le requérant, peuvent se résumer comme suit.
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En 2007, le parquet d’Istanbul engagea une enquête pénale contre les membres présumés d’une organisation criminelle du nom de Ergenekon, tous soupçonnés de se livrer à des activités visant à renverser le gouvernement par la force et la violence. Selon le parquet, les accusés avaient planifié et commis des actes de provocation tels que des attentats contre des personnalités connues du public et des attentats à la bombe dans des endroits sensibles comme les locaux de sanctuaires ou de hautes juridictions. Ils auraient ainsi cherché à créer une atmosphère de peur et de panique dans l’opinion publique et par là même à installer un climat d’insécurité, de manière à ouvrir la voie à un coup d’État militaire.
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Par un acte d’accusation du 21 juillet 2011, le procureur de la République d’Istanbul engagea devant la cour d’assises d’Istanbul une action pénale contre certains membres présumés de l’organisation, parmi lesquels le requérant, dont il requit la condamnation en vertu des articles 312 § 1 et 314 § 1 du code pénal.
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Le 8 août 2011, la cour d’assises d’Istanbul délivra un mandat d’arrêt à l’encontre du requérant.
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À la fin de l’audience du 10 août 2011, la cour d’assises d’Istanbul ordonna le placement en détention provisoire du requérant eu égard à l’existence de forts soupçons à l’encontre de l’intéressé, au risque d’altération des preuves par ce dernier et au fait que les infractions reprochées au suspect figuraient parmi celles énumérées à l’article 100 § 3 du code de procédure pénale (les infractions « cataloguées » pour lesquelles, en cas de fortes présomptions, la détention provisoire de la personne soupçonnée est réputée justifiée). La cour d’assises considéra en outre qu’un simple placement de l’intéressé sous contrôle judiciaire aurait constitué une mesure insuffisante.
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Le 11 août 2011, le requérant forma un recours afin de s’opposer à sa détention provisoire et d’obtenir sa mise en liberté provisoire.
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Le 25 août 2011, à la suite d’un examen sur les pièces du dossier, la cour d’assises d’Istanbul rejeta ce recours en se fondant sur : l’existence de forts soupçons à l’encontre du requérant, la nature de l’infraction, le contenu du dossier, et le fait que les infractions reprochées à l’intéressé figuraient parmi celles énumérées à l’article 100 § 3 du code de procédure pénale. Elle estima en outre qu’un simple placement de l’intéressé sous contrôle judiciaire ne saurait être une mesure suffisante.
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Durant la procédure pénale, le requérant s’adressa à maintes reprises à la cour d’assises au cours des audiences aux fins de bénéficier d’un élargissement. La cour d’assises rejeta chacune de ces demandes le jour même. Elle précisa que ces décisions pouvaient faire l’objet d’une opposition. Quant aux oppositions formées par le requérant, la cour d’assises les rejeta en les motivant par l’existence de...
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