Iran Sanctions—Implementation Of P5+1/Iran Nuclear Non-Proliferation Agreement

Following months of intense and difficult discussions, on November 24, 2013, the P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States) concluded a landmark six-month Joint Plan of Action (JPA) with Iran. The JPA marks an interim first step towards a comprehensive solution to address concerns about the Iranian nuclear program. In seeking to reach a full-fledged and comprehensive solution to the international community's concerns, the JPA outlines a preliminary set of voluntary measures to be implemented by the P5+1 and by Iran, respectively. The P5+1 have agreed to extend limited, reversible relief from current sanctions imposed on Iran. In return, Iran has agreed to a series of specific measures aimed at assuaging the international community's requirements regarding Iran's nuclear activities. Implementation of the measures began on 20 January, 2014.

Iran's Voluntary Measures

As part of the JPA, Iran has agreed to implement the following core measures:

Suspend enrichment of uranium above five-percent purity throughout Iran; Bring to a standstill any expansion of enrichment capacity (i.e., no installation of new centrifuges); Reduce significantly its stockpile of enriched uranium (all of the 20-percent enriched uranium stockpile must be converted or diluted to uranium of no more than five-percent purity); Make no further advances in activities at the Natanz Fuel Enrichment Plant, Fordow, Iran, or the Arak reactor; Undertake no reprocessing or construction of any facility capable of reprocessing uranium; and Permit enhanced monitoring and verification measures that go beyond the previous level of cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (i.e., Iran must provide information about its nuclear facilities to the IAEA and provide IAEA inspectors with more access to key nuclear sites). Notably, the IAEA has already begun daily inspections at the Natanz and Fordow enrichment facilities. The U.S. and EU Voluntary Relief from Sanctions

The P5+1 have agreed that economic sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union on Iran will be eased to a limited extent.

United States

The United States has agreed to the following as a quid pro quo for Iran's agreement to adhere to its side of the bargain:

Suspend efforts to further reduce Iran's crude oil sales and suspend sanctions on associated insurance and transportation services; Not pursue new nuclear-related sanctions against Iran; Suspend...

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