II. Descolonización de Marruecos: varias etapas, pero una frontera

Pages21-32
AuthorYolanda Blanco Souto
II.
DESCOLONIZACIÓN DE MARRUECOS: VARIAS ETAPAS,
PERO UNA FRONTERA
El hecho de que el territorio internacionalmente reconocido de Ma-
rruecos
estuviera sometido a cuatro regímenes jurídicos diferentes
explica que la descolonización se hiciera “por etapas”. Esas etapas fueron
cinco porque, aunque había cuatro regímenes jurídicos diferentes, uno de
ellos (el protectorado español) regía para dos territorios absolutamente
distintos (el Rif al norte y Cabo Juby al sur).
II.1. Primera Etapa: Descolonización Del Protectorado
Francés (Marzo De 1956)
La descolonización de Marruecos comienza en la zona de protectorado
francés. En 1943 se había fundado el partido nacionalista y conservador
islámico “Istiqlal” (independencia) que apoyaba al sultán Mohamed Ben
Yusef como líder frente a los
colonizadores europeos. Sobre todo, des-

apoyado en la zona del protectorado español con el objetivo de debilitar a
Francia, país que se hallaba enfrentado a España por
cuestiones políticas
y muy especialmente por la posición hostil de Francia a Franco, entonces
jefe del Estado de España.
En octubre de 1951, un grupo de Estados árabes intenta, sin éxito,
introducir la cuestión de Marruecos en la agenda del sexto período de se-
siones de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas, pero en 1952 se aceptó

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