Flujos migratorios en el Estrecho de Gibraltar y cambio climático

Pages187-198
AuthorJesús Verdú Baeza
— 187 —
9.
Flujos migratorios
en el Estrecho de Gibraltar y cambio climático
J V B*
Sumario: I. Introducción.–II. Cambio climático en el Sahel.–III. Debilidad institucional en el
sur del Mediterráneo.–IV. La utilización de los flujos migratorios como palanca de
poder.–V. Inexistencia de respuestas a la migración climática.–VI. Conclusiones.
RESUMEN
El cambio climático es un factor que añade complejidad al fenómeno migratorio en torno
a los flujos que desde África se dirigen a Europa. La frontera sur europea no es sólo el conjunto
de países del norte de África sino toda la franja del Sahel que presenta una singular y compleja
miscelánea de problemas en una zona con una profunda inestabilidad. Esta zona del Sahel es
uno de los hotspots globales afectados por el cambio climático y esto es un preocupante factor
de exacerbación de otros problemas preexistentes de tipo político, social y económico. El
incremento de los flujos migratorios requerirá respuestas jurídicas adecuadas a la dimensión
del desafío.
Palabras clave: Migración, Cambio climático, Sahel, refugiados climáticos.
* Profesor Titular de Derecho Internacional Público y Relaciones Internacionales, Universidad de Cádiz.
Trabajo realizado en el marco del Proyecto de I+D financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y
Competitividad “Inmigración marítima, Estrategias de Seguridad y protección de valores europeos en la re-
gión del Estrecho de Gibraltar”, PID2020-114923RB-100, Investigador Principal, M. A. Acosta.
Asimismo, la publicación ha sido realizada en el marco del Proyecto de I+D financiado por el Ministerio
de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades “Hacia una Geoestrategia y Política Exterior de España y la UE para
la Región del Estrecho: Gibraltar, Ceuta y Melilla, Marruecos y el Sáhara Occidental (GEOESTRECHO)”,
PID2023-149810NB-I00, I.P. Dra. Inmaculada González García.

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