Excesiva discrecionalidad en la contratación de personal altamente calificado (alto cargo o altos funcionarios) en el Estado peruano: el singular caso de los «consultores FAG»
| Author | Mirko A. Maldonado-Meléndez |
| Profession | Doctor por la Universidad del País Vasco |
| Pages | 283-310 |
283
EXCESIVA DISCRECIONALIDAD EN LA
CONTRATACIÓN DE PERSONAL ALTAMENTE
CALIFICADO (ALTO CARGO O ALTOS
FUNCIONARIOS) EN EL ESTADO PERUANO:
EL SINGULAR CASO DE LOS
«CONSULTORES FAG»
Mirko A. Maldonado-Meléndez1
Doctor por la Universidad del País Vasco
RESUMEN: Con la promulgación del Decreto Ley N.º 25650, de 24 de julio de
1992, que crea el Fondo de Apoyo Gerencial al Sector Público, se delimitó un
marco legal singular para el ingreso de cierto personal cercano (por confianza)
dentro de las más altas esferas del Poder ejecutivo (asesores, consultores, profe-
sionales calificados del Despacho presidencial, de Ministerios, Secretarías gene-
rales, incluso en Gobiernos regionales), con criterios flexibles para su contrata-
ción (bajo normas civiles), con las denominaciones de personal «altamente
calificado» o personal de «alto rendimiento», contratados temporalmente para
prestar labores que coadyuven a la toma de decisiones del representante elegido
por mandato popular o del funcionario designado por delegación de este. Es aquí
donde confluyen y se entretejen diversas denominaciones que no terminan de
encajar con las definiciones que de ellas se infieren, poniéndose de manifiesto
dificultades para incluirlas en el corset normativo de la legislación sobre servicio
civil y empleo público, dada la singularidad de sus lineamientos formulados a
partir de una excesiva discrecionalidad por parte de los órganos y autoridades a
cargo de la administración del Fondo en cuestión.
El presente estudio, pretende evidenciar cómo este alto grado de discrecionalidad
para la contratación de funcionarios y servidores FAG, conlleva un uso excesivo
1 Profesor de la Escuela de Gobierno Local de la Unión Iberoamericana de Municipalis-
tas – Granada (España). Presidente del Instituto Peruano de Buen Gobierno y Buena Adminis-
tración; ORCID: 0000-0003-0024-5684; e-mail: mr.mamm3@gmail.com.
RETOS Y PERSPECTIVAS DE LA FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA DEL FUTURO:
UNA REVISIÓN EN EUROPA E IBEROAMÉRICA
284
de esta modalidad, que ha venido dando paso al ingreso irregular de asesores,
consultores y personal cuyo proceso de selección no es el más transparente ni el
más técnico en términos de perfiles de puesto y requisitos para la contratación,
haciéndose indispensable unificar y consolidar la normativa dispersa en materia
de empleo público, así como acoplar la figura de los consultores FAG en el
marco legal vigente sobre el personal altamente calificado, para prevenir la falta
de transparencia, la ineficiencia y el riesgo de corrupción.
ABSTRACT: With the promulgation of Decree Law n.º 25650, of July 24 (1992),
which creates the Public Sector Management Support Fund, a unique legal
framework was defined for the entry of certain close personnel (by trust) within
the highest spheres of the executive branch (advisers, consultants, qualified
professionals from the Presidential Office, from Ministries, General Secretariats,
even in regional governments), with flexible criteria for their hiring (under civ-
il regulations), with the designations of «highly qualified» personnel or person-
nel of «high performance», temporarily hired to provide tasks that contribute to
the decision-making of the representative elected by popular mandate or the
official designated by his delegation. It is here where various denominations that
do not quite fit with the definitions that are inferred from them come together
and intertwine, revealing difficulties to include them in the normative corset of
the legislation on civil service and public employment, given the uniqueness of
their formulated guidelines from excessive discretion on the part of the bodies
and authorities in charge of the administration of the Fund in question.
The present study aims to demonstrate how this high degree of discretion for the
hiring of FAG officials and servers leads to an excessive use of this modality,
which has been giving way to the irregular entry of advisers, consultants and
personnel whose selection process is not the neither the most transparent nor the
most technical in terms of job profiles and requirements for hiring, making it
essential to unify and consolidate the dispersed regulations on public employ-
ment, as well as to fit the figure of FAG consultants into the current legal frame-
work on highly qualified personnel. qualified, to prevent lack of transparency,
inefficiency and the risk of corruption.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Discrecionalidad; Transparencia; Empleo público; Fun-
ción Pública; Contratación Administrativa; Personal Altamente Calificado; Altos
Cargos; Consultores FAG.
KEY WORDS: Discretion; Transparency; Public employment; Public function;
Administrative Contracting /Highly Qualified Personnel; Senior Officials; FAG
Consultants.
1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL TEMA
Al adentrarnos en el estudio de las variopintas formas de contratación
administrativa de personal que utiliza el Poder ejecutivo en el Perú, nos encon-
tramos con aquella que busca captar personal altamente calificado en el sector
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