Harmonização dos sistemas normativos nacionais
Author | José Soares Filho |
Profession | Juiz do Trabalho aposentado. Membro efetivo do Instituto Latinoamericano de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social, do Instituto dos Advogados Brasileiros |
Pages | 149-151 |
Page 149
A harmonização legislativa constitui uma etapa indispensável no processo de integração regional. A ela faz referência o Tratado de Assunção em seu art. 1º, último parágrafo, ao estabelecer "o compromisso dos Estados-Partes de harmonizar suas legislações nas áreas pertinentes, para atingir o fortalecimento do processo de integração". Semelhante fenômeno ocorreu em relação à Comunidade Europeia, cujo Tratado instituidor inclui, entre os princípios que enumera (art. 3º, h), a aproximação legislativa de cada um dos países que a compõem.
Importa dar o conceito de harmonização da legislação social. Na opinião de João de Lima Teixeira Filho (1993, p. 16), a harmonização não significa uniformi-dade de condições de trabalho, "o que seria impossível de alcançar até mesmo em razão da soberania interna de cada país-membro, das razões históricas de cada povo, da atuação dos sindicatos na fonte de produção do Direito do Trabalho etc". Tem o sentido de "redução, até onde possível for, das diferenças de tratamento que as legislações nacionais dispensam aos mais diversos assuntos". Procura-se, através dessa medida, afastar dos sistemas jurídicos nacionais os fatores de incompatibilidade entre eles, de tal modo que se aproximem os princípios e regras básicos em que se apoiam e, assim, produzam efeitos similares em sua aplicação.
Esse também é entendimento de Georgenor de Sousa Franco Filho (1996, p. 162), o qual pondera, referindo-se à legislação trabalhista, que a uniformização normativa é praticamente impossível, dadas as peculiaridades de cada Estado e cada região, resultantes de sua cultura, que compreende múltiplos dados (v. g., formação histórica, constituição social, desenvolvimento econômico). Por isso, "devemos ter como razoável a tentativa de harmonizar, o que importa em abrandamento da soberania". Aliás, essa harmonização é um imperativo do próprio Tratado de Assunção (1991), que instituiu o Mercosul, o qual, em seu art. 1º, a define como meta, a fim de lograr o fortalecimento do processo de integração.
Nesse diapasão, Alice Monteiro de Barros (1997, p. 32), invocando o magistério de Gérard e Antoine Lyon-Caen, observa ser inviável a uniformização das leis desses países, mas sua harmonização é necessária e expressa-se pela equivalência de resultados econômicos, dos rendimentos salariais e prestações sociais para os trabalhadores, assim como pela equivalência de encargos sociais para as empresas.
No que tange às relações de trabalho, as...
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Request your trial- Integração Regional Sul-Americana
- Relações Trabalhistas no Mercosul
- O direito do trabalho no mercosul
- Harmonização dos sistemas normativos nacionais
- O direito à livre circulação de trabalhadores no mercosul
- A ação sindical no processo de integração regional no mercosul
- A negociação coletiva de trabalho no quadro do mercosul
- Conclusões
- Referências
- Anexo - Confirmação teórico-doutrinária
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