Descubrimiento probatorio

AuthorRene Alfonso Padilla y Velasco

Introducción

Se ha insistido que la depuración de la información es el criterio que debe gobernar todas las normas de producción de la prueba en un proceso oral y debe basarse en una primera idea central: la mejor forma de depurar la información consiste en permitir que todas las versiones que contengan la información, cualquiera sea el formato en que se expresen, puedan ser objeto de un cuestionamiento severo (control de calidad) y que ese cuestionamiento severo esté principalmente a cargo de la parte a quien esa información perjudica. Esto último se justifica en que es la contraparte quien está en las mejores condiciones de conocer y preparar su caso con detalle, además de tener el mayor interés en demostrarle al tribunal las deficiencias de la versión de la otra parte. Es decir, el juez recibirá en el juicio información cuya calidad no tiene cómo corroborar (el juez no investiga) y entonces lo que hará es permitir que la parte a quien esa información perjudica desarrolle sus mejores esfuerzos con el fin de mostrarle las falencias, distorsiones o errores que esas versiones contienen. Este esfuerzo de la contraparte no solo servirá para revelar los puntos débiles de cada versión, sino que también resultará clave para afianzar aquella información o versiones que efectivamente son confiables y que debieran tener un peso importante en la formación de convicción del tribunal. Si una versión ha pasado de manera impecable...

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