El derecho del Estado a ejercer la protección diplomática
Author | Elena Crespo |
Pages | 375 |
Torroja Mateu, H., El derecho del Estado a ejercer la protección diplomática, Bosch Editor, Barcelona, 2007, 219 pp.
Page 375
La institución tradicional de la protección diplomática está siendo objeto de un interés renovado en la doctrina desde que, a mediados de los 90, la CDI comenzara la codificación y desarrollo progresivo del tema. Labor que culminó en 2006 con la adopción en segunda lectura de un proyecto de 19 artículos, presentado a la AG recomendando la elaboración de una convención en la materia. Desde un primer momento el estudio del tema se enfocó desde la concepción de la institución establecida en DI consuetudinario, como derecho del Estado de nacionalidad de ejercicio discrecional, planteándose, al mismo tiempo, la necesidad de reflejar la evolución experimentada por el DI contemporáneo en materia de protección de los derechos humanos. Una preocupación que estuvo siempre detrás de las propuestas de desarrollo progresivo del Relator J. R. Dugard, cuyo interés por incrementar la protección de los derechos de los particulares le lleva a concebir la protección diplomática como un instrumento de protección de los derechos humanos de los propios nacionales.
El trabajo de cuya recensión nos ocupamos, a pesar del título quizás demasiado general, constituye en rigor, como la propia autora señala en la introducción, una exégesis de una parte del proyecto de artículos de la CDI, con sus comentarios, llevada a cabo a la luz de la mencionada posición del Relator. Así, el comentario gira en torno a aquellas cuestiones que definen la institución como derecho subjetivo de ejercicio discrecional del Estado de nacionalidad del perjudicado, excluyéndose del mismo los artículos 14 y 15 (agotamiento de los recursos internos) y el artículo 17 (acciones o procedimientos distintos de la protección diplomática).
Por lo que se refiere a su estructura, el trabajo se divide en cinco apartados, precedidos por una sintética introducción y seguidos de unas consideraciones finales. El apartado I se dedica a los antecedentes y evolución del proceso codificador. El apartado II se ocupa de la definición y alcance de la protección diplomática que, por fin, se identifica con la presentación de una reclamación internacional (lo que...
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