El deber de motivar en los procedimientos de expulsión migratorios en Argentina desde la perspectiva del derecho internacional

Pages209-250
Date01 January 2024
AuthorIgnacio Odriozola
Subject MatterDerecho Internacional
Revista Internacional de Derechos Humanos / E-ISSN 2422-7188 / 2024 Vol.14, No. 1
revistaidh.org
Exijo explicaciones: El deber de motivar en los
procedimientos de expulsión migratorios en
Argentina desde la perspectiva del derecho
internacional
I Demand an Explanation: The Duty to Provide Information in
Immigration Expulsion Proceedings in Argentina from the
Perspective of International Law
Ignacio Odriozola1
Resumen: Una expulsión migratoria es una sanción administrativa
que, al igual que las penales, ref‌leja el poder punitivo estatal. Al llevar a
cabo esta medida, se exige el respeto por las garantías del debido
proceso. En particular, es esencial que las autoridades estatales cumplan
con el deber de motivar las decisiones de expulsión, ya que su
observancia permite al migrante afectado entender las razones que
justif‌ican su dictado, demostrar que sus alegaciones han sido
consideradas y ejercer su defensa. El artículo propone inicialmente
analizar el abordaje del deber de motivar en el marco de los
1Candidato a Doctor en Derecho Internacional (Geneva Graduate Institute). Magister en
Migración y Estudios de Movilidad (Universidad de Bristol). Abogado (Universidad de
Buenos Aires).
209
Odriozola / Exijo explicaciones: El deber de motivar… / 209-250
revistaidh.org
procedimientos de expulsión desde una perspectiva internacional,
tratando los desarrollos de la doctrina y de los tribunales en materia de
derechos humanos. Seguidamente, examina la ponderación de esta
garantía en Argentina. Por último, partiendo de casos concretos, ref‌leja la
puesta en práctica de este deber a nivel nacional, por parte de la
Dirección Nacional de Migraciones y de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la
Nación. Su objetivo es demostrar el déf‌icit de estas dos instituciones en
la observancia de esta garantía y con relación a los lineamientos
internacionales.
Palabras clave: Debido proceso; deber de motivar; expulsiones;
migrantes.
Abstract: An immigration expulsion is an administrative sanction
that, akin to criminal sanctions, ref‌lects the punitive power of the state.
In executing this measure, adherence to due process guarantees is
imperative. Particularly, it is essential for state authorities to fulf‌ill the
duty of providing reasons for expulsion decisions. This enables af‌fected
migrants to comprehend the justif‌ications behind the decision, to
demonstrate that their claims have been considered, and to exercise
their defense. The article initially proposes to analyze the approach to the
duty to provide reasons in the context of expulsion procedures from an
international perspective, addressing developments in human rights
doctrine and courts. Subsequently, it examines the importance of this
guarantee in Argentina. Finally, based on specif‌ic cases, it ref‌lects on the
implementation of this duty at the national level by the National
Directorate of Migration and the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation.
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Revista Internacional de Derechos Humanos / E-ISSN 2422-7188 / 2024 Vol.14, No. 1
revistaidh.org
Its objective is to demonstrate the def‌iciency of these two institutions in
adhering to this guarantee and complying with international guidelines.
Keywords: Due process; Duty to receive information; Expulsions;
Migrants.
Recibido: 10.2.2023 Aceptado: 30.3.2024
Sumario
1. Introducción
2. El deber de motivar en los procedimientos de expulsión migratorios
según el derecho internacional
3. Aspectos generales sobre el deber de motivar en el derecho interno
argentino
4. El deber de motivar las decisiones de expulsión de personas migrantes
a. La actuación de la Dirección Nacional de Migraciones
b. El control de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación
6. Conclusión
Referencias
211

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