El deber extraterritorial de respeto en el sistema interamericano de derechos humanos. Una constante protección de la dignidad
| Pages | 57-121 |
| Date | 01 January 2024 |
| Author | Nicolas Carrillo Santarelli,Paula Roa,Francesco Seatzu |
| Subject Matter | Derecho Internacional |
Revista Internacional de Derechos Humanos / E-ISSN 2422-7188 / 2024 Vol.14, No. 1
revistaidh.org
El deber extraterritorial de respeto en el sistema
interamericano de derechos humanos:
Una constante protección de la dignidad
The Extraterritorial Duty To Respect Human Rights In The
Inter-American Human Rights System: A Sustained Protection of
Dignity
Nicolás Carrillo Santarelli1, Paula Roa2
y Francesco Seatzu3
Resumen: La Comisión y la Corte Interamericanas han demostrado,
en su práctica, mayor coherencia y consistencia con los postulados y los
fundamentos del régimen de los derechos humanos que los
demostrados por su contraparte europea en materia de identificación de
circunstancias en las que existen jurisdicción extraterritorial y la
correlativa obligación de respeto, cuya contravención entraña la
3Abogada y Magíster en Derecho Internacional (Universidad de La Sabana).
Investigadora y Profesora en Derecho Internacional (Universidad de La Sabana).
2Doctor en Derecho (Universidad de Nottingham). Profesor de Derecho internacional y
Europeo (Università degli Studi di Cagliari).
1Doctor en Derecho (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid). Magíster en Filosofía Moderna
y Contemporánea (Universidad de Luxemburgo). Investigador de la Università degli
Studi di Cagliari (Italia).
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Carrillo Santarelli, Roa y Seatzu / El deber extraterritorial de respeto… / 57-121
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generación de responsabilidad estatal. El enfoque interamericano se
basa en un modelo que puede denominarse como basado en el impacto
o en la causación, el cual activa la jurisdicción más allá de las fronteras
estatales en aquellas circunstancias en las que exista una relación de
causalidad directa entre la conducta de un Estado por fuera de su
territorio y la generación de daño para el goce o el ejercicio de los
derechos humanos. En este artículo sostenemos que el enfoque
interamericano —de índole funcional y no espacial— puede servir de
inspiración para otros sistemas y debe ser mantenido.
Palabras clave: Obligaciones extraterritoriales; derecho
internacional de los derechos humanos; deber de respeto; sistema
interamericano; daño transfronterizo; jurisdicción; dignidad humana;
universalidad.
Abstract: The Inter-American Commission and Court have
demonstrated, in their practice, greater coherence and consistency with
the postulates and foundations of the human rights regime than those
demonstrated by their European counterpart in terms of identifying
circumstances in which extraterritorial jurisdiction and the correlative
obligation of respect exist, the contravention of which entails the
generation of state responsibility. The inter-American approach is based
on a model that can be called impact-based or causation-based, which
activates jurisdiction beyond state borders in those circumstances in
which there is a direct causal relationship between the conduct of a State
outside its territory and causing damage to the exercise of human rights.
In this article, we argue that the inter-American approach—functional
58
Revista Internacional de Derechos Humanos / E-ISSN 2422-7188 / 2024 Vol.14, No. 1
revistaidh.org
and not spatial in nature —can serve as inspiration for other systems and
should be maintained.
Keywords: Extraterritorial obligations; International Law of human
rights; duty of respect; inter-American system; transboundary damage;
jurisdiction; human dignity; universality.
Recibido: 22.8.2023 Aceptado: 4.12.2023
Sumario
1. Introducción
2. Una cuestión previa: los modelos de jurisdicción empleados
jurisprudencialmente en los sistemas de derechos humanos
3. La jurisdicción como piedra angular de la obligación extraterritorial de
respetar derechos humanos: un análisis comparado
4. El uso de criterios de impacto y causación extraterritoriales en el
sistema interamericano de protección de los derechos humanos
5. La consistencia de la jurisprudencia interamericana sobre las
responsabilidades extraterritoriales
6. Conclusiones
Referencias
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