Conclusiones

AuthorAlberto Iglesias Garzón
Pages257-260

Page 257

La creciente y continua pretensión de afianzar la voluntad del soberano en materias de Derecho privado y frente a la actividad judicial recorre la modernidad francesa hasta más allá de la promulgación del Código de 1804. La política que la motivó, a su vez, fuertemente condicionada por las ideas del Derecho natural, terminará incidiendo en la doctrina jurídica. Así, evoluciona ésta en función del desarrollo de las ideas del Derecho natural y de la noción de justicia que incorporaba. Moral, Política y Derecho alimentan el desarrollo de la relación entre los jueces y las leyes.

La Ilustración desempeñó un papel vital y, más que ella, la razón. Gracias a la llegada del racionalismo cartesiano, que coincide con la juventud de Domat, y la ruptura del clásico escepticismo del siglo XVI se agotaron las razones místicas de obediencia a la ley, plasmada en forma de antiguas costumbres. Poco a poco se llegaría a la construcción de un modelo de justicia natural en el que el hombre era considerado como fin y no como medio, albergando en su seno la igualdad de trato de los ciudadanos ante la ley.

En la política, el soberano se vió libre de las trabas que el respeto a las antiguas costumbres y tradiciones le imponía. Primeramente estableció una obligación universal de obediencia al procedimiento civil de 1667. Terminó por configurar y promulgar un Código civil para todos los franceses y por

Page 258

arrogarse la posibilidad de castigar a los jueces que desobedecieran sus mandatos, recogidos en forma de Ley. Se hizo, como se sabe, con el monopolio de la producción jurídica, elevándola y primándola por encima de las costumbres y de la jurisprudencia y propuso, no sin...

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