Conclusiones

AuthorIgnacio Cartagena/Vicente Garrido Rebolledo
Pages315-321
Conclusiones
COLECCIÓN Derecho Público y Ciencia Política 315
El régimen internacional de no proliferación nuclear es un conjunto
normativo surgido, como otros regímenes multilaterales herederos de la
posguerra mundial, con un propósito doble: conducir las relaciones entre
los Estados soberanos hacia el logro de un objetivo de interés global –evi-
tar la proliferación de armas nucleares– y preservar a la humanidad de
los sufrimientos de la guerra, magnif‌icados por la amenaza del empleo de
armas nucleares.
Este régimen tiene respecto de otros regímenes internacionales una
peculiaridad, que podemos calif‌icar de «origen doble». Un primer origen
coincide con el establecimiento del sistema de las Naciones Unidas, cuyo
primer comité especializado es, como vimos en el capítulo primero, la
Comisión de la Energía Atómica: en esta primera fase, las discusiones
de no proliferación arrojaron frutos escasos porque la principal preocu-
pación de las potencias vencedoras de la Segunda Guerra Mundial era
hacerse con la ventaja estratégica que suponía el arma nuclear. El segun-
do origen del régimen fue algo más tardío. Nosotros lo hemos situado a
comienzos de los años sesenta, con dos hechos que entendemos clave: la
crisis de los misiles del año 1962 y el acceso de la República Popular China
al arma nuclear, dos años más tarde.

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