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- TÍTULO III. Direitos Garantidos Na Convenção Européia de Direitos Humanos
Conclusão
Author | José Antonio Farah Lopes de Lima |
Profession | Funcionário do Estado de São Paulo |
Pages | 225-229 |
Page 225
Após a apresentação da jurisprudência básica do sistema europeu de proteção dos direitos humanos, com o fim de aproximar o operador do Direito no Brasil desta fonte de inspiração e referência principal ao sistema regional interamericano, teceremos algumas palavras finais sobre a Convenção Européia de Direitos Humanos e sobre a Corte Européia de Direitos Humanos.
A Convenção Européia de Direitos Humanos, assinada em Roma, em 04 de novembro de 1950, é atualmente uma Carta viva e dinâmica dos direitos e liberdades fundamentais na Europa, instrumento da ordem pública européia para a proteção de seres humanos e de seus direitos essenciais. E todo este dinamismo se deve sobretudo à atuação da Corte Européia de Direitos Humanos. Sua jurisprudência, de natureza permanentemente construtiva, dá vida, consistência e credibilidade à Convenção. É uma jurisprudência equilibrada, que fornece um exemplo único de conciliação realista, fundando-se no princípio de preeminência do direito, entre dois imperativos contraditórios: a garantia dos direitos individuais e a defesa da sociedade democrática/ manutenção da ordem pública. Através da jurisprudência européia e de sua aplicação pelas Cortes nacionais, a Convenção Européia de Direitos Humanos irriga amplamente a ordem jurídica interna dos Estados europeus e constitui a base de um verdadeiro direito comum europeu de direitos humanos. Podemos afirmar que este binômio Convenção/Corte Européia de Direitos Humanos forma o modelo mais evoluído de proteção de direitos humanos no planeta, servindo de referência aos demais continentes, entre os quais, nosso continente americano.
Interessante notar que a Corte Européia de Direitos Humanos não apenas atenta à salvaguarda dos direitos existentes na Convenção Européia como também atua como motor de desenvolvimento dos direitos humanos. Deste modo, a Corte não se contenta com uma simples “gestão patrimonial dos direitos humanos na Europa”, o que seria considerado uma visão pobre e
Page 226
limitada de sua função de salvaguarda destes direitos. A Corte vai mais longe, aplica a mensagem contida no Preâmbulo da Convenção em favor do “desenvolvimento dos direitos humanos”, militando pelo progresso e alargamento da garantia destes direitos. Assim, a Corte pode desenvolver novos direitos baseados na Convenção, como um reforço ao direito dos estrangeiros (por exemplo, o direito de asilo e certos direitos políticos), o direito à objeção de consciência ao serviço militar obrigatório, o...
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