Capítulo 7. Conclusiones y recomendaciones

Pages111-124
AuthorAlejandro Corda,Ernesto Cortés,Diego Piñol Arriagada
111
Documentos Dejusticia 54
CAPÍTULO 7
CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES
Conclusiones
Las Américas están a la vanguardia de procesos y esfuerzos para reformar
las leyes y políticas del cannabis. A los mercados regulados de Uruguay y
Canadá muy probablemente pronto se sumará México, donde el presiden-
te López Obrador respaldó una iniciativa legislativa que será considerada
en el segundo semestre de 2019. En Estados Unidos, diez estados y el Dis-
trito de Columbia han adoptado mercados legales y regulados para uso
recreacional. Al momento de !nalizar este informe, se presentaba ante el
Congreso en Colombia una iniciativa legislativa para reformar el artícu-
lo 49 de la Constitución en el contenido de la prohibición de sustancias
estupefacientes, con miras a abrir el camino jurídico para una eventual re-
gulación. En 2018, la Comisión Reg ional sobre marihuana de Caricom
concluyó que el régimen prohibicionista “no es apto para el propósito” de
los tratados y pidió un cambio de paradigma.
Paradójicamente, esta tendencia reformista ocurre en paralelo a la
sistemática represión contra personas que cultivan, transportan y usan
marihuana; esta represión se mani!esta en diversas formas que incluyen
el acoso policial, la estigmatización y la judicialización. Por esta parado-
ja, el CEDD realizó la presente investigación que busca documentar los
impactos de las leyes punitivas sobre los actores que se involucran con la
marihuana.
El cannabis es también la sustancia declarada ilícita más ampliamen-
te usada en América Latina. Los usos medicinales son bene!ciosos, y el
uso problemático causa menos daño que otras drogas, licitas o ilícitas. Por
tanto, es la única sustancia para la cual hay ímpetu hacia las reformas. La
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