Capítulo 13. Elementos para el debate de la esclavitud contemporánea en el contexto del deporte

Date01 January 2024
AuthorJuliana Aparecida de Oliveira Camilo Livia Gomes Viana-Meireles
‒  ‒
CAPÍTULO 13
ELEMENTOS PARA EL DEBATE DE LA ESCLAVITUD
CONTEMPORÁNEA EN EL CONTEXTO DEL DEPORTE
JULIANA APARECIDA DE OLIVEIRA CAMILO
Universidade Federal da Bahía – UFBA
LIVIA GOMES VIANA-MEIRELES
Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFC
1. INTRODUCCIÓN
La firma de la llamada Ley Aurea, en 1888 (Brasil. Presidencia da Re-
pública. Casa Civil, 1888) abolió formalmente en Brasil la posibilidad
de que un ser humano posea a otro. Pero el trabajo análogo a la escla-
vitud sigue existiendo en Brasil en sus diferentes territorios, incluso 135
años después de su abolición (Walk Free, 2023).
Es importante señalar que en la literatura existen diferentes formas de
caracterizar el trabajo que se realiza de manera forzada e involuntaria,
como el trabajo forzado, las formas contemporáneas de esclavitud, la
servidumbre por deudas y la trata de seres humanos. En este artículo,
utilizaremos el término trabajo análogo a la esclavitud, dada nuestra
convergencia con las discusiones señaladas por Filgueiras (2017) y Sa-
kamoto (2020).
Se entiende por trabajo análogo a la esclavitud el que se realiza con el
uso de la violencia o la intimidación, o incluso por medios más sutiles,
como la servidumbre por deudas, la retención de documentos de iden-
tidad o las amenazas de denuncia a las autoridades de inmigración,
acompañadas de potenciales castigo si no se realizan determinadas ta-
reas (International Labour Organization, 1930).
El trabajo análogo a la esclavitud puede incluir la servidumbre por deu-
das, en la que se mantiene al trabajador al servicio mediante fraude,
aislamiento geográfico, amenazas y violencia física y psicológica. Las

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