Abbreviations

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ADR

Alternative dispute resolution

ANRC

Romanian Communication Regulatory Authority (Autoritatea Nationala de Reglementare in Comunicatii)

ATP

Autonomous Trade Preference

BEEPS

Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey

BSE

Bucharest Stock Exchange

BTC

Bulgarian Telecommunications Company

CEE5

The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia

CEFTA

Central European Free Trade Agreement

CEO

Chief executive officer

CIDA

Canadian International Development Agency

CIS

Commonwealth of Independent States

CMS

Corruption Monitoring System

CRC

Communications Regulation Commission (Bulgaria)

DSL

Digital subscriber line

EBRD

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ESM

Elektrostopanstvo na Makedonija

EU

European Union

FDI

Foreign direct investment

FESAL II

Second Financial and Enterprise Sector Adjustment Program

FIAS

Foreign Investment Advisory Service

FIC

Foreign investors' council

FTA

Free trade agreement

GDP

Gross domestic product

GNI

Gross national income

GSM

Global System for Mobile Communications

HEP

Hrvatska Elektroprivreda

IAS

International Accounting Standards

IFI

International financial institution

INA

Industrija Nafte

ISP

Internet service provider

IT

Information technology

KESH

Korporata Elektro-energjetike Shqiptare

KfW

Kreditanstalt fr Wiederaufbau

LLU

Local loop unbundling

LRMC

Long-run marginal cost

MEBO

Management-employee buyout

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

R&D

Research and development

ROSC

Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes

SAA

Stabilization and association agreement

SEE

South Eastern Europe

SEE8

Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Romania, and Serbia and Montenegro

SEEPAD

South Eastern European Partnership on Accountancy Development

SMEs

Small and medium-size enterprises

SOEs

State-owned enterprises

USAID U.S.

Agency for International Development

VAT

Value added tax

WTO

World Trade Organization