Introducción
Author | Kai Ambos |
Profession | Catedrático de Derecho Penal, Procesal Penal, Comparado y Derecho Penal Internacional, Universidad de Göttingen |
Pages | 81-82 |
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Versión original y actualizada de - Feindstrafrecht-, publicado en la "Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Strafrecht", tomo 124 (2006), 1-30 y en Cancio Meliá/Gómez-Jara Díez (coord.), Derecho penal del enemigo. El discurso penal de la exclusión, Madrid/Buenos Aires 2006, vol. 1, p. 119-162. Agradezco al ayudante científico Sr. Nils Meyer-Abich la importante ayuda prestada en la recopilación de materiales y la conformación del artículo original. Traducción del original de Carlos Gómez-Jara Díez. Actualización y revisión por el autor con la colaboración de Miguel Lamadrid, doctorando Universidad Pompeu Fabra y becario DAAD en el Departamento de Derecho Penal Extranjero e Internacional del Instituto de Ciencias Criminales de la Universidad de Göttingen. Todas las traducciones de originales alemanes son de Gómez-Jara, Lamadrid o del autor.
Page 81
La recuperación del derecho penal del enemigo por parte de Günter Jakobs ha generado olas de gran altura no sólo en la discusión jurídico-penal de habla alemana, sino principalmente de habla española, portuguesa e italiana1. Como ocurre tan habitualmente, el pensamiento de Jakobs ha sido introducido rápidamente por sus talentosos discípulos en los países dominantes del ámbito jurídico de la Europa continental -el llamado "derecho continental"-. En la versión española de mi "Parte general del Derecho penal internacional" ya me había pronunciado sobre las nuevas tesis de Jakobs señalando que:
"Prescindiendo de que tal concepción dificilmente se pueda mover hoy en el terreno de nuestro orden constitucional, centrado en la dignidad humana, es más preocupante que pueda conceder a futuros regímenes injustos una legitimación teórica, piénsese sólo en la propagación masiva de las tesis Jakobsianas en el ambiente latinoamericano."2
"Se trata (...) de ser concientes y estar atentos frente a la peligrosidad intrínseca de una concepción que, por su mismo autor, de un mero instrumento de análisis crítico del estado del derecho penal fue radicalizada y convertida a una concepción que no se limita más a la mera descripción sino que, más bién, postula y exige la exclusión y marginaliza-Page 82ción de los enemigos del sistema (dominante), con lo cual puede perfectamente servir como base teórica o fundamentación de un régimen (penal) de corte autoritario3. Esta vuelta de la concepción de Jakobs del derecho penal del enemigo ni siquiera por todos sus discípulos (...) y no puede ser defendida invocando simplemente...
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